One of the oldest purebred toy dogs, the Papillon – which means ‘butterfly’ in French - is often called the “butterfly dog,” because its ears look like a butterfly’s outspread wings. With its flowing coat, black button nose and those unmistakable fringed ears, the Papillon has charmed pet owners around the world for centuries. This outgoing and friendly dog is the 35th most popular breed registered with the AKC in the United States.

History and Origin

Related to several toy spaniels, it’s hard to determine exactly when the Papillon, or Continental Toy Spaniel as it is sometimes known, became a separate breed. We do know this dog was a popular pet of the European nobility for many centuries -. the Papillon appears in portrait paintings dating all the way back to the 1400s. This breed was commonly found in Italy throughout the Renaissance, and was later perfected by breeders in France.

General Information

The Papillon wants to please and is the easiest toy breed to train. Equally at home lying on the couch or playing hard in the yard, this strong little dog is a versatile companion. Its spaniel heritage means this pet will chase after birds, squirrels and flying insects – or anything else that moves, including cars. A big dog in a tiny body, the Papillon tries to play with larger dogs, sometimes with disastrous results. For these reasons, a fenced yard is essential, and the Papillon should never be walked off-leash, for its own safety.

The loyal Papillon loves company and is ideal for seniors and families with older kids, although younger children might be too rough with this little toy dog. This breed is best suited to single pet households, or those with other small dogs. The Papillon will also accept cats if it has been raised with them from puppyhood.

The Papillon travels well and adapts easily to new settings. Despite a tendency to bark at each and every noise (which makes the Papillon a poor choice for apartment living), this dog is usually friendly with strangers. The Papillon is also a popular therapy dog, spreading love and good cheer wherever it goes. Overall, this perky pet makes a wonderful companion for the right home. Sometimes the biggest trouble with this breed can be actually finding a puppy, as the litters are small and there is often a waiting list.

The Papillon’s long, luxurious coat requires regular grooming; daily combing and brushing is important. Bathe or dry shampoo when necessary.

Health Ailments

Usually very hardy and healthy, the Papillon can be susceptible to eye problems and patellar luxation (loose kneecaps).

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